Herpetic Acute Retinal Necrosis (ARN) Complicated by Panophthalmitis - A Rare Ocular Presentation: A Case Report
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Abstract
Purpose: To describe an atypical manifestation of panophthalmitis resulting from human herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) infection.
Methods: A case report
Results: A 39-year-old Cambodian man presented with severe orbital inflammation, pain, restriction of eye movement, granulomatous panuveitis and poor view of retina in his right eye, suggesting panophthalmitis. Prompt diagnostic vitrectomy confirmed herpetic acute retinal necrosis (ARN) caused by HSV-2 infection. Treatment with intravenous acyclovir and corticosteroids resulted in improved inflammation and visual acuity (VA), increasing from counting fingers to 5/200 within two weeks. However, rhegmatogenous retinal detachment subsequently developed with unfavorable visual outcome.
Conclusions: Panophthalmitis is an unusual presentation of herpetic acute retinal necrosis. This report contributes to a better understanding of the various presentations of ARN and emphasizes the importance of early recognition and proactive management to prevent long-term visual impairment.
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