Relationship between Duration of Outdoor Activity, Digital Device Usage and Dry Eye in Primary Pterygium
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Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between time length of outdoor activity, digital devices usage and dry eye conditions in primary pterygium patients.
Setting/Venue: Thammasat University Hospital, Thailand
Method: This study is a population-based, cross-sectional study at Thammasat University Hospital. Demographic characteristics, time spent on outdoor activity, using digital devices and scores for the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) were collected. The quantitative data was analyzed to determine the mean and relationships by using statistical tools of ANOVA, simple linear regression, and Pearson
correlation.
Results: 314 primary pterygium patients were included. An average of 3.46 and 3.64 hours were spent on outdoor activities and digital devices per day respectively. There were 294, 237 and 247 patients (93.63, 75.48, and 78.67 percent) which reported a history of outdoor activity, using digital devices and dry eyes respectively. The study revealed that the time length of outdoor activity had influence on pterygium size, but time of digital devices usage had not. The duration of more than 3 hours of outdoor activity and more than 2 hours of digital devices usage per day were significantly associated with worsening OSDI scores. The relationship between the duration of outdoor activity, digital device usage and the eye pain (R2 = 0.013 and 0.026) and the OSDI scores (R2 = 0.012 and 0.011) were found to be related in the same way.
Conclusion: Primary pterygium patients with a history of outdoor activity and digital devices usage with the duration of more than 3 and 2 hours per day respectively were significantly associated with OSDI scores.
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