A Study on the Etiology of Spontaneous Vitreous Hemorrhage in Thammasat University Hospital
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Abstract
Objective: This study aims to study the causes of spontaneous vitreous hemorrhage (VH) in patients at the ophthalmic department at Thammasat University Hospital (TUH).
Study Design: Retrospective cross-sectional study
Methods: Medical records were reviewed to identify TUH patients who were diagnosed with VH due to known causes. Data was collected which included gender, age, underlying disease, laterality of VH, duration of symptoms until time of diagnosis, and etiology of VH. Then, the data was analyzed and presented using tables and graphs.
Results: The study comprised of 317 eyes from 296 patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The average age of participants is 60.21 years. VH affected the right eye, left eye, and both eyes in 134, 141, and 21 patients, respectively, which is 45.3%, 47.6%, and 7.1% of the total participants, respectively. There were 149 male patients (50.3%) and 147 female patients (49.7%). The most common cause of VH in TUH patients is proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), which affected 155 eyes or 48.9% of the study group. The second most common cause is retinal break (RB) or rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) with 43 eyes or 13.6%. Next, posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) inflicted 35 eyes or 11.0%. Other causes such as retinal vein occlusion (RVO) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) affected 35 eyes or 11.0% and 19 eyes or 6.0%, respectively.
Conclusion: PDR is the the most common cause of VH in Thailand. This study determines the most common causes of VH and also demonstrates the association between cause and duration of symptoms before diagnosis of VH and the association between presence of diabetes mellitus (DM) as an underlying disease and occurrence of VH. Furthermore, these findings will aid in determining the cause of VH in patients, which will lead to appropriate management and treatment.
Keywords: Vitreous Hemorrhage, Etiology
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