Prognostic Factors for Recurrence of Macula Edema in Central Retinal Vein Occlusions after Intravitreal Anti-VEGF Injections: A Comparative Study
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Abstract
Purpose: To examine the prognostic factors for recurrence of macula edema in central retinal vein occlusions (CRVO) after anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treatment (anti-VEGF).
Methods: A retrospective study of 116 patients with CRVO treated with at least 3 intravitreal injections of anti-VEGF at a tertiary care hospital. Age, gender, fasting blood sugar, blood pressure, visual acuity, fundus image and OCT macula was collected for each patient.
The data was descriptively and comparatively analyzed using Chi-square test, independent t-test and Mann-Whitney U-test.
Results: Of the 116 patients enrolled, 2 groups of 58 patients had recurrent and nonrecurrent macula edema after treatment with at least 3 intravitreal anti-VEGF injections for CRVO respectively. The mean age was 59.94 ± 12.50 for both groups, hyper-reflective
foci was more common in the recurrent group 44.8% vs 22.4% (P = 0.011), Triglycerides (115.12 ± 33.73 vs 94.25 ± 29.99, P = 0.011) and HbA1c (7.38 ± 1.02 vs 6.64 ± 1.36, P = 0.007) were found to be higher in the recurrent group. Central subfield thickness was
found to be thicker in the recurrent group (460.60 ± 76.51 vs 445.60 ± 111.30, P = 0.073).
Conclusion: Patients with CRVO and recurrent macula edema are associated with hyper reflective foci, higher levels of triglycerides and HbA1c. These findings can be helpful in prognosticating recurrence of macula edema in these patients.
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