Effect of cannabis and medical cannabinoids on kidney disease
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Abstract
According to the decriminalization policy, the use of cannabis and cannabinoid substances has increased over the past few years. Beyond the mental effects, cannabis and cannabinoids were prescribed for medical purposes which tended to enhance outcomes. In addition, exposure to marijuana and medical cannabinoids also increased among patients with chronic kidney disease. Numerous studies were conducted to demonstrate the chemical components of cannabis, and the evidence of efficacy and safety of cannabinoids in varied patient populations. Therefore, physicians should be knowledgeable and possess the ability to investigate the use of cannabinoids with their patients. In this review, we summarized the physiological effects of endocannabinoids and cannabinoid receptors in normal kidney tissue as well as changes in those with other kidney diseases. We also discussed the evidence of cannabinoid effects on short and long term kidney dysfunction, drug interactions, and the effect on kidney transplantation recipients.
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