Development of natural compound aerosol spray against genetic fipronil and pyrethroid-resistant Aedes aegypti mosquitoes in dengue risk areas in Thailand
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14456/dcj.2024.9Keywords:
natural compound aerosol spray, genetic fipronil-and pyrethroid-resistant Ae. aegypti mosquitoes, gene mutation, para gene, Rdl geneAbstract
This research aimed to study a natural compound aerosol spray against genetic fipronil and pyrethroid-resistant Ae. aegypti mosquitoes in dengue risk areas in Thailand. A natural compound aerosol spray was developed that contained 5 natural compounds of citral, citronellal, citronellol, geraniol, and linalool at concentrations of 8.00%, 0.41%, 0.52%, 0.61%, and 0.75%, respectively as active ingredients. The aerosol spray was evaluated against fipronil and pyrethroid-resistant Ae. aegypti mosquitoes in glass chambers and Ae. aegypti mosquitoes in the fields of 6 provinces: Kanchanaburi, Chanthaburi, Chumphon, Phitsanulok, Nakhon Pathom, and Nakhon Ratchasima. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA
sequencing were conducted to detect mutations in the para gene and the Rdl gene in Ae. aegypti mosquitoes that died in the fields. The result showed that the natural compound aerosol spray provided a 100% mortality rate for Ae. aegypti mosquitoes in both the glass chambers and the fields. Mutations in the para gene at amino acid positions of 989 (S989P) and 1016 (V1016G) were detected in the dead mosquitoes in the fields of 6 study provinces with mutation frequencies of 0.23-0.40 and 0.30-0.47, respectively. In addition, a mutation in the Rdl gene at an amino acid position of 302 (A302S) was found in dead mosquitoes in Kanchanaburi and Nakhon Pathom provinces with mutation frequencies of 0.13 and 0.20, respectively. In conclusion, the natural compound aerosol spray developed and tested in this study was effective against genetic fipronil and pyrethroid-resistant Ae. aegypti mosquitoes in dengue risk areas in Thailand. It suggests that the natural compound aerosol spray could be developed further as an alternative anti-mosquito product to anti-mosquito chemical products to prevent mosquito-borne diseases.
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