Vaccination and effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccine in real world in high-risk close contacts in Bangkok

Authors

  • Nisa Pairayayutakul Office of Senior Expert Committee, Department of Disease Control
  • Siwakorn Boontham Institute for Urban Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Disease Control
  • Chantima Charanasri Office of Senior Expert Committee, Department of Disease Control
  • Nopparuj Promsart Office of Senior Expert Committee, Department of Disease Control

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14456/dcj.2022.62

Keywords:

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), vaccine effectiveness, high risk close contact

Abstract

          The outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 in Thailand has caused many deaths. Thai government has a policy to provide all citizens with the access to quality, safe and effective vaccines, so it is imperative to assess the effectiveness of vaccines in the real-world situations. The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of various COVID-19 vaccine formulas according to real situations including descriptive characteristics of vaccination among high-risk close contacts in Bangkok. The study is a cross-sectional study. Target population was high-risk close contact in Bangkok between 11 January 2022 to 31 May 2022. The results showed that a total of 927 volunteers of high-risk close contacts were tested for COVID-19 virus by RT-PCR or ATK, and 250 cases of COVID-19 were detected which accounted for 26.9%. Of these COVID-19 cases, 83.6% were symptomatic and most of them represented mild respiratory symptoms. Liked to their history of getting vaccinated for COVID-19 vaccine, participants were vaccinated for 1 dose, 2 doses, 3 doses, 4 doses, and 5 doses of 0.4%, 24.7%, 61.2%, 13.4% and 0.3%, respectively. Almost all cases and non-cases received 2 or more doses of the vaccine, with the highest receiving of 3 doses. The vaccination rate in the cases and non-cases were accounted for 65.2% and 59.7% respectively. Among those who received 3 dose formula, most of them received 2AZ+PZ followed by 2SV+AZ, 2AZ+MO, 2SV+PZ and SV+AZ+PZ. Most of those who received 4 dose formula were reported to receive the primary series of 2 SV followed by AZ+PZ, 2AZ or AZ+MO. Comparison of participants receiving incomplete vaccination against COVID-19 (only a single dose or did not receive any dose at all) with those who received 2 doses, 3 doses and 4 doses, the effectiveness of vaccinations were 39%, 19% and 30% respectively. Study limitations may due to the sample size and the distribution of vaccination among volunteers. Recommendation is to expedite the time of action to be concise, to add more than one research facility (Multicenter), to closely monitor the situation and being ready to adjust the work details quickly.

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Published

2022-12-30

How to Cite

1.
Pairayayutakul N, Boontham S, Charanasri C, Promsart N. Vaccination and effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccine in real world in high-risk close contacts in Bangkok. Dis Control J [Internet]. 2022 Dec. 30 [cited 2024 May 11];48(4):737-49. Available from: https://he01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/DCJ/article/view/258056

Issue

Vol. 48 No. 4 (2022): October-December

Section

Original Article

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