Seroprevalence of Dengue virus infection among Thai population
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14456/dcj.2023.31Keywords:
Prevalence of dengue infection, Dengue seroprevalence, Dengue virus infection, DengueAbstract
Dengue is one of the most important public health threats. The World Health Organization has set a goal to reduce mortality and morbidity from dengue by 2020 by at least 50% and 25 % respectively (using 2010 as the baseline), and has recommended using a vaccine against dengue fever in the population if the prevalence of dengue virus infection in children over 9 years old (sp9) is greater than 80%. This study aims to determine the prevalence and related factors of dengue infection rates in the population of 2-69 years old in 4 provinces from 4 regions: Nonthaburi, Phitsanulok, Udon Thani, and Surat Thani Province. Blood samples were collected from the blood bank or from clinical laboratory examinations of patients, and tested for dengue immunity (IgG) with an ELISA. Of those 1,580 volunteers, 54.5% were males and 56.1% lived in urban area. Findings reveal that 57% of the population studied (901/1,580) were infected with dengue and 59.4% of 9-year-old children (38/64) were infected. The prevalence of dengue virus infection rate was 32.9% (95% CI, 30.8-35.0) in children aged 2-5 years old, 46.6% (95% CI, 46.2-47.1) in children aged 6-9 years old, and 55.4% (95% CI, 54.3-56.4) in 10-14 years old age group, while the prevalence among 20-year and older age groups were higher than 80%. An increased age group showed an increased risk of infection by 4.45 times (OR, 95% CI, 3.84-5.17) and living in the different regions had different infection rates. However, genders or living areas (urban or out-of-town) were not statistically significantly associated with the infection rate. Therefore, the vaccine against dengue should be recommended for the age groups of 20 years and older. For the vaccine recipient under the age of 20, it is essential to check for viral infection or immunity before to vaccination. However, other measures including vector control, vector surveillance, and disease surveillance remain critical that must be conducted continuously to limit the transmission as well as to reduce illness and death from dengue.
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