Development of self-care competency enhancement course in the elderly school for prevention of dependency among the elderly
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14456/dcj.2021.87Keywords:
competency enhancement, self-care, quality of Life, elderly schoolAbstract
The objective of this research is to develop a course of the elderly school to enhance self-care competency for prevention of dependency among the elderly and compare their health behaviors and quality of life (QOL). The target group was a total of 52 elderly people in the Samrit Wittaya Elderly School, which is located in Phimai District, Nakhon Ratchasima Province. Data were collected using a questionnaire and a focus group discussion. The study duration was 12 months. Descriptive statistics was used for the quantitative analysis and paired t-test used for the mean comparisons. The qualitative data were analyzed using a content analysis method. The results were as follows: 1) the study has created the course for the elderly competency enhancement in self-care activities for preventing dependency among the elderly based on the Four-Es Principle (Emotion, Eating, Exercise, and Elimination) of self-care or Ya Paad Kha Nan (in Thai). The course consists of 10 units within 198 study hours; 2) Results of utilizing the course by assessing self-care behaviors and QOL of the elderly following the course participation, it was found that the elderly had a high level of self-care behaviors (3.52±0.89). Likewise, the QOL was also at a high level (4.47±0.54); and 3) After comparison of the two outcomes after the course completion, it was found that the elderly had significantly higher mean scores of self-care behavior and QOL when compared with those before participation in the course (Mean difference: 1.36, 95%CI: 0.93, 1.78, p<0.001 and Mean difference: 1.69, 95%CI: 1.48, 1.89, p<0.001, respectively). This research shows that the course developed has high efficiency and can be useful for building an individual psychomotor skill and QOL of the elderly on self-care, as well as leading to a reduction in dependency condition among the elderly.
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