Work Ability Index and improving work conditions for informal elderly workers in Muangkaen Pattana Municipality, Chiang Mai Province

Abstract

This study, using a mixed-method research incorporating qualitative and quantitative methods, aims to investigate work abilities and to improve working conditions of elderly workers in the informal sector in Muangkaen Pattana Municipality, Mae Taeng District,           Chiang Mai Province. Quantitative data on the Work Ability Index (WAI) was collected from 100 informal elderly workers. Then, three subgroups of elderly workers, who are (1) 8 elderly workers of broom-making group, (2) 9 older workers of crispy banana-making group, and (3) 12 elderly workers of coffin-making group, were selected to conduct a qualitative study with the aim to improve their working conditions. Results showed that most of older workers indicated that they have a moderate work ability (87.00%) and their current work ability when compared with their lifetime best was 7 points (out of 10 points). In addition, they were found to still enjoy working and remained relatively motivated and excited about their work. Based on a self-learning process related to the improvement of working environments, most study participants identified the following problems as attributable to unproductive and unsafe working conditions: musculoskeletal problems, constant exposure to chemical factors (i.e. exposure to sawdust), and work-related accidents. Therefore, key measures to be taken to improve working conditions include application and modification of existing household items to suit physical and ergonomic conditions of older people and use of personal protective equipment (PPE) as these will help them build self-confidence and self-empowerment to protect themselves from work-related hazards. It is therefore recommended that the results from this study be replicated in other groups of informal workers as well.