Incidence and risk factors of early clinical neonatal sepsis in Prakhonchai Hospital, Buriram Province

Abstract

Background: Neonatal sepsis is one of the most common causes of neonatal mobility and mortality in the developing world. This objective of this study is to determine the incidence and risk factors of early clinical neonatal sepsis in Prakhonchai Hospital during the years 2012-2015. Methods: Unmatched case control study was performed to identify possible risk factors. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to estimate crude odds ratio and adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval. Result: There were 107 infants of early clinical neonatal sepsis out of a total 1,919 live births. Male:female ratio was 1:1.27, there is no death. The incidence of early clinical neonatal sepsis was 55.80 per 1,000 live births. The highest maternal age group was 20-35 years (74.10%) followed by <20 years (19.00%) and >35 years (6.90%). The highest priority of pregnancy was 1st pregnancy (46.20%) followed by 2nd pregnancy (32.30%), 3rd pregnancy (14.60%) and 4th pregnancy (6.90%). The highest symptoms was fever (50.80%) followed by jaundice (27.10%), low temperature (11.90%), respiratory complication (8.50%), respiratory rate >60/min (8.50%), and diarrhea (6.80%). In univariate analysis the significant factors was low birth weight (OR = 4.38, 95% CI = 1.59-12.03) and respiratory complication (OR = 12.60, 95% CI = 1.69-305.92). In multivariate analysis the only one significant factor that was low birth weight (adjusted OR = 4.52, 95% CI = 1.56-13.04). Conclusions: The high incidence of early clinical neonatal sepsis was found. Only one significant risk factor was low birth weight which may associated with low immunity and high risk to infection.