@article{El-Shalofy_Derbala_Asfour_Eissa_Aly_2021, title={Infectious endometritis in Arabian mares: an updated clinical investigation of uterine microbial isolates, antimicrobial sensitivities and fertility in Egypt}, volume={51}, url={https://he01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/tjvm/article/view/247458}, abstractNote={<p><span class="fontstyle0">The present study aimed to survey the prevalence of microbial isolates in the uterus of sub-fertile Arabian mares<br>and to identify their existing antimicrobial sensitivities. In addition, to evaluate the efficacy of antimicrobial therapy<br>based on the fertility outcomes determined by sonographic pregnancy diagnosis. Double guarded uterine swabs were<br>collected from (barren) Arabian mares during mid-estrus. Based on the laboratory findings of microbial culture and<br>antimicrobial sensitivity, mares were treated, inseminated and tested for pregnancy two weeks after ovulation. The<br>predominant microbial isolates were </span><span class="fontstyle2">Beta-hemolytic streptococci </span><span class="fontstyle0">(BHS) (38.9%), </span><span class="fontstyle2">Escherichia coli (E. coli) </span><span class="fontstyle0">(33.3%),<br></span><span class="fontstyle2">Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) </span><span class="fontstyle0">(20.4%) and </span><span class="fontstyle2">Candida albicans (C. albicans) </span><span class="fontstyle0">(7.4%). Moreover, the sensitivity of </span><span class="fontstyle2">BHS </span><span class="fontstyle0">and<br></span><span class="fontstyle2">E. coli </span><span class="fontstyle0">isolates to cefepime was significantly higher (</span><span class="fontstyle2">P< </span><span class="fontstyle0">0.05) than the rest of the antimicrobials (57.14% and 55.56%,<br>respectively). However, </span><span class="fontstyle2">S. aureus </span><span class="fontstyle0">isolates did not display a significant difference regarding their antimicrobial<br>sensitivities, its sensitivity to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid was the highest (36.37%). On the other hand, fluconazole was<br>the favored antifungal in this study (100 % sensitivity). The pregnancy outcomes were variable depending on the type<br>of microbial isolate and antimicrobial treatment; for instance, cefepime resulted in the highest pregnancy rates in BHS<br>and </span><span class="fontstyle2">S. aureus </span><span class="fontstyle0">mare groups (66.67% and 100%, respectively). Interestingly, amikacin achieved the highest pregnancy<br>rate in the </span><span class="fontstyle2">E. coli </span><span class="fontstyle0">group (66.67%). In conclusion, BHS is the dominant uterine isolate in Arabian sub-fertile mares. For<br>most cases of bacterial endometritis, cefepime may be the antibiotic of choice and fluconazole may be the effective<br>therapy in the case of </span><span class="fontstyle2">C. albicans </span><span class="fontstyle0">infection. However, standard diagnostic and treatment procedures should be used to<br>minimize the emergence of antimicrobial resistance.</span> </p>}, number={1}, journal={The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine}, author={El-Shalofy, Amr S. and Derbala, Mohamed K. and Asfour, Hanaa A. and Eissa, Hany M. and Aly, Aly B.}, year={2021}, month={Jan.}, pages={177–184} }