@article{Madrigali_Bonelli_Sgorbini_Citi_Cantile_Fratini_Turini_2020, title={Use of ultrasound in a case of Actinomycosis in a Holstein Friesian cow}, volume={50}, url={https://he01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/tjvm/article/view/243265}, abstractNote={<p><span class="fontstyle0">Actinomycosis is a sporadic disease of cattle, caused by </span><span class="fontstyle2">Actinomyces bovis</span><span class="fontstyle0">. In presence of oral injuries or openings,<br></span><span class="fontstyle2">A. bovis </span><span class="fontstyle0">could penetrate tissues and infect maxilla or mandible bones. A Holstein Friesian cow was presented for<br>inappetence, weight loss and a left-sided mandibular swelling. A unilateral swelling was visible on the left jaw as a<br>ventro-lateral and circular in shape. A fine-needle aspiration was collected. Ultrasonography examination was<br>performed. Bacteriological analysis was negative. Due to the history, actinomycosis diagnosis was suggested and the<br>cow was culled. Pathological examination revealed lesions indicative of chronic pyogranulomatous mandibular<br>osteomyelitis with intralesional colonies of gram-positive bacteria, consistent with infection due to </span><span class="fontstyle2">A. bovis</span><span class="fontstyle0">. The<br>importance of an early diagnosis was here highlighted . Since the bacterial culture is not always easy to perform and is<br>usually time-consuming, in case of suspected actinomycosis, the ultrasonographic findings may orient the clinician<br>decision to start adequate and earlier therapy. Further research is needed to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of<br>ultrasonography for diagnosing actinomycosis.</span> </p>}, number={1}, journal={The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine}, author={Madrigali, Alessio and Bonelli, Francesca and Sgorbini, Micaela and Citi, Simonetta and Cantile, Carlo and Fratini, Filippo and Turini, Luca}, year={2020}, month={Mar.}, pages={115–119} }