Life of Moo Deng, the internet sensation Pygmy Hippopotamus: An overview of the biology and conservation breeding program in Thailand

Abstract

The hippopotamus, commonly known as the hippo, is classified into two extant species: the common hippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibius) and the pygmy hippopotamus (Choeropsis liberiensis). Pygmy hippos are fascinating creatures native to the forests and swamps of West Africa. Their survival is increasingly threatened by habitat loss resulting from agricultural expansion and urban development. As the population declines, zoological institutions play a crucial role in conservation by acting as genetic reservoirs and promoting public awareness of wildlife and environmental protection. “Moo Deng”, a pygmy hippo, whose name in Thai has gained international recognition, represents a notable success story of the Zoological Park Organization of Thailand’s conservation breeding program. This initiative aims to sustain the population of this endangered species. This article focuses on the biology, reproduction, and conservation of the pygmy hippo under human care. It explores the reproductive biology of the species, with a detailed look into Moo Deng’s life. Topics addressed include mating behavior, gestation, and parental and veterinary managements.