A Feline Gastrointestinal Eosinophilic Sclerosing Fibroplasia in a Scottish Fold Cat: A Case Report

Abstract

A 2-year-old intact female Scottish fold cat was presented to the Prasu-Arthorn Animal Hospital, Faculty of
Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, for a right nephrectomy because a renal mass was suspected. During the
physical examination, the animal had an intra-abdominal mass with abdominal discomfort. No history of vomiting and
diarrhea was reported. The blood chemistry and hematology revealed a markedly low albumin/globulin ratio and
mild anemia with normal leukogram. The abdominal ultrasonographic examination and CT scan revealed an intestinal
mass at the ileocecocolic junction. The mass was surgically excised, and jejuno-colic anastomosis was performed.
Grossly, the mass was firm, very well circumscribed, measured 6×7×5 cm in diameter, and had fairly discrete central
areas of tan to white discoloration. Microscopically, the wall of the large intestine was regionally extensively expanded
by abundant, dense, thick bands of fibroplasia with associated dense infiltrates of predominant eosinophils, fewer
lymphocytes and plasma cells, and multifocal areas of necrosis. Special staining for toluidine blue, Masson’s trichrome,
Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS), and Grocott Gomori methenamine silver stain (GMS) along with immunohistochemistry
for CD3, CD20, and KIT was performed to rule out the possibility of infectious disease and other potential neoplasms
such as mast cell tumor, lymphoma, and gastrointestinal stromal tumor. Taken together, the observed findings were
most consistent with feline gastrointestinal eosinophilic sclerosing fibroplasia (FGESF). The immunosuppressive drugs
were administered: prednisolone 2 mg/kg, orally every 24 hours, and cyclosporine 4.8 mg/kg, orally every 24 hours.
The prednisolone dosage was tapered down by 25% every six weeks. There was no evidence of local recurrence
detected in 172 days post-operation. In this case, a successful combination of surgical and medical treatment protocols
and diagnostic techniques of the FGESF case was presented.