Trace elements, oxidative stress biomarkers and hemato-biochemical indices of goat kids affected with nutritional dependent locomotor disturbances

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the biomedical significant of trace elements, oxidative stress and hemato-biochemical indices in the diagnosis of locomotor disturbances of affected goat kids. Blood samples were collected from 22 goat kids affected with locomotor disturbances. An equal number of healthy goat kids was used as a control. Clinical examination showed anemia and an incoordination in affected animals compared to the control. Malondialdehyde (MDA), creatine kinase (CK) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) values were significantly higher in affected animals than in the control, while superoxide dismutase (SOD) and reduced glutathione (GSH) values were significantly lower. Concentrations of copper (Cu), iron (Fe) and ceruloplasmin (Cp) were significantly lower in affected goat kids than in the control. Concentrations of zinc (Zn), selenium (Se) and molybdenum (Mo) in affected animals were maintained significantly unchanged compared to the control. AST and CK activities and the concentration of MDA, were significantly lower in successfully treated goat kids (n =10) than in goat kids that failed to respond to treatment (n =12), while SOD activity was significantly higher. The treatment outcomes (success or failure) were found negatively correlate with AST and CK activities and positively correlate with SOD activity. Conclusively, lower copper concentrations may be the cause of goat kids' locomotor disturbances. Iron deficiency anemia was observed in animals affected with locomotor disturbances. As a result, administration of copper and iron elements is suggested in such cases. AST, MDA, CK, and SOD can also be used as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for nutritional related locomotor disturbances in goat kids.