Shock status and anti-shock infusion therapy in canine acute spontaneous babesiosis

Abstract

Canine babesiosis is a serious disease that is accompanied by the development of shock. The aim of the work was to establish shock, assess its degree, as well as to conduct a clinical trial of anti-shock infusion therapy. 100 dogs of different breeds, weighing 20–40 kg, aged 2–4 years, were involved. The studies used oscillometry (blood pressure, pulse rate), assessment of vascular-platelet hemostasis (platelet count, spontaneous aggregation ability), coagulogram (prothromine and activated partial thromboplastin time, fibrinogen), enzyme immunoassay (fibrin degradation products and D-dimer), biochemical (soluble fibrin-monomer complexes) and hemodynamic (circulating blood volume, hematocrit) methods of investigation. In dogs with acute babesiosis sub-compensated shock grade II developed. The basis for the diagnosis is a significant decrease in the specific volume of circulating blood (p<0.001) and average blood pressure (p<0.05), an increase in the Allgöwer’s Shock Index (p<0.05). Disseminated intravascular coagulation develops at the stage of consumption coagulopathy, which is confirmed by an increase in the level of soluble fibrin-monomer complexes (p<0.001), fibrin degradation products and D-dimer (p<0.05), hypofibrinogenemia (p<0.001), multidirectional shifts in activated partial thromboplastin time and prothrombin time tests. This condition is urgent and requires anti-shock therapy.
Infusion therapy with a mixture of solutions of the plasma substitute Rheopolyglucine and the disaggregant Persantine at a dose of 5 ml (45 mg Dexrtan and 2.5 mg Dipyridamole) per 1 kg of animal body weight restores researching parameters and indicators for 48 hours. The use of drugs in an infusion mixture is more effective than using them separately.