Thai Journal of Health Education

Family and Promoting the Quality of Life of the Elderly

kanokwan worachina — 2024-12-27

This article aims to present knowledge, facts, and trends in the changing population structure that has led to an increase in the number of elderly people and increased longevity. The importance of elderly issues also depends on the quality of life of the elderly. Care from family members factors affecting the quality of life of the elderly this is because the elderly have clearly changed both physically and mentally. Family is therefore important in caring for and promoting the quality of life of the elderly. Have a role in promoting and helping the elderly within the home Including the role of those involved so that the elderly can cope well with both physical and mental changes. This article is a review of educational literature. Family approaches to promoting the quality of life of the elderly, including meaning and classification of the elderly. Problems of the elderly promoting the quality of life of the elderly the importance of health promotion in the elderly the role of family members in caring for the elderly family preparation for caring for and promoting the health of the elderly by relying on cooperation from all sectors to provide basic services that the elderly should receive, including the government, private sector, community, and most importantly, that is, from family members. There are activities and participation within the family. To enhance the quality of life for the elderly to enable the elderly to live happily at the end of their lives.

Effect of “Siao Soo Song So” Program to Promote Health Literacy on Hypertensive Prevention Behavior of Pre-hypertension Risk Group in Namon Sub-District, Namon District, Kalasin Province

La-orrat Jitpong — 2024-12-27

The purpose of this research was to study the effects of using the program “Siao Soo Song So” in promoting health literacy to prevent hypertension among the pre-hypertension risk group. This initiative program provided health promotion cognition in Namon sub-district, Namon district, Kalasin province. This semi-experimental research consists of 2 groups of hypertension-risk people which are the experimental group and the comparison group. Thirty-three persons in the experimental group are covered by Namon Hospital as well as there are 33 persons in the comparison group are covered by Donchan Hospital. While the comparison group conducted regular healthcare procedures, the experimental group participated in the health literacy promotion cognitive program, which applied health literacy principles and social support theories. This research had been progressed for 10 weeks in collecting data with the questionnaire and analyzing the data by using statistics of independent t-tests and Paired t-tests. A level of statistical significance is determined to be 0.05.

The results of this study were as follows: the experimental group had a higher average score on preventive behaviors against high blood pressure than the comparison group and it was higher than the pre-experiment within a determined statistical significance level (p-value < 0.001). In addition, it was discovered that the average systolic blood pressure of the experimental group was lower than that of the comparison group with statistical significance (Mean difference = 3.58, p-value < 0.001; 95% CI: 1.99 to 5.17) and it was lower than before the experiment within statistical significance (Mean difference = 4.21, p-value < 0.001; 95% CI: 2.91 to 5.51). After the experiment, it was found that the average diastolic blood pressure of the experimental group was lower than that of the comparison group with statistical significance (Mean difference = 2.09, p-value < 0.001; 95% CI: 0.84 to 3.35) and it was lower than the average diastolic blood pressure before the experiment (Mean difference = 1.57, p-value = 0.008; 95% CI: 0.42 to 2.73). In conclusion, the utilized health education program, has the capacity for health promotion in hypertension preventive practices for risk groups of people.

Effects of the Rabies Prevention Knowledge Promotion Program among Village Health Volunteers at Pho Yai Subdistrict, Warin Chamrap District, Ubon Ratchathani Province

Thanomsak Boonsu — 2024-12-27

This quasi-experimental research aimed to study the effects of the rabies prevention knowledge promotion Program among Village Health Volunteer (VHV). Sixty VHV from Pho Yai Subdistrict, Warin Chamrap District, Ubon Ratchathani Province participated. There were two groups of participants-one for the experiment and another for comparison-each with thirty individuals. A program to raise awareness and educate the experimental group about rabies prevention was given to them, along with a comparison with the usual group. Data was gathered via knowledge exams and surveys. A rabies prevention knowledge promotion program was the instrument utilized in the experiment. Time spent on research: five weeks. Content validity was used to determine quality using the consistency index approach, with a value ranging from 0.6 to 1.00. Kuder Richardson's approach was used to determine reliability, and the result was 0.68. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-squared, Independent t-test, and Paired t-test.

The study's findings indicated that after the experiment, the average score of rabies prevention knowledge in the experimental group increased significantly to 13.76 (S.D.=1.02). A comparison of the mean scores before and after the experiment revealed a significant difference at the 0.05 level. When compared to the control group, the mean scores of the experimental group were significantly different at the 0.05 level. The findings of this study can serve as a guideline for health promoting hospital to develop the knowledge and understanding of VHVs regarding appropriate rabies prevention.

Effect of HAUKAO Model for Appropriate Drug Use Behavior among Uncontrolled Diabetic Type 2 Patients in Mahaphot Sub-District Sabot District Lopburi Province

Petcharat Sooksalung — 2024-12-27

Diabetes is a major global public health concern due to its severe chronic non-communicable nature, which can lead to complications and negatively impact quality of life when blood sugar levels are uncontrolled. This research aimed to study the effects of the HAUKAO Model in promoting health literacy and appropriate medication behaviors among type 2 diabetes patients in Mahaphot Sub-district, Saraburi District, Lopburi Province. The study was a quasi-experimental design with two groups, comprising 60 individuals divided into an experimental group and a control group, with 30 participants in each. The experimental group received a program designed by the researchers, which included activities for making heart-based decisions on appropriate medication use (H: Heart), accessing appropriate medication information (A: Access), adapting appropriate medication behaviors (U: Use), understanding medication behavior information (K: Knowledge), engaging in questioning and modifying medication use (A: Ask), and sharing appropriate medication use practices (O: Offering). The control group received standard treatment. The research was conducted over a period of 10 weeks, with data collected via questionnaires and analyzed using paired t-test and independent t-test statistics.

The research findings revealed that after the intervention, the experimental group had significantly higher mean scores in accessing medication information, understanding medication behaviors, engaging in questioning and modifying medication use, making decisions on medication usage, adapting medication behaviors, and sharing medication use and behaviors compared to the control group and pre-intervention levels (p-value <0.001). Additionally, post-intervention, the experimental group had a significantly mean blood sugar level lower than the control group (Mean diff = 27.17, 95% CI = 5.44 to 48.89, p-value = 0.015) and significantly lower than their pre-intervention levels (Mean diff = 40, 95% CI = 29.57 to 50.43, p-value <0.001). Therefore, this health promotion program can effectively be used to improve medication adherence behaviors among type 2 diabetes patients.

Effectiveness of Occupational Health Education Program on Knowledge and Behavior in Lead Exposure Prevention among Plate Frame Production Workers in Battery factory, Samut Prakan Province

Chainarong Kowitchutiwat — 2024-12-27

This research is quasi-experimental research. The objective is to study the effect of the occupational health education program on knowledge and behavior in preventing lead exposure of 21 employees in the production of sheet plates in a battery factory, Samut Prakan Province. The occupational health education program integrated the concept of the behavior modification process theory into organizing activities to change behavior in preventing lead exposure for 12 weeks. Data were collected using questionnaires, including personal information, work history, personal dust protection equipment, a knowledge assessment form on lead poisoning, and a behavior assessment form for preventing lead exposure. The instruments used for the experiment were a lead poisoning manual, an activity plan between supervisors and employees, a LINE warning communication between the sample group and professional occupational safety officers, and a record of behavior for preventing lead exposure of the sample group.

The results of the experiment found that the average knowledge level before and after joining the occupational health education program was 10.38 and 15.17 points, respectively. As for the behavior level for preventing lead exposure, it was found that before and after participating the occupational health education program, the average score of behavior for preventing lead exposure of the employees before and after participating the occupational health education program was 38.71 and 61.09 points, respectively. The results of the comparison of knowledge and behavior levels before and after involving the occupational health education program found that employees had knowledge about lead poisoning and had better preventive behaviors than before involving the occupational health education program with statistical significance (p<.05).

Recommendations the organization can use the occupational health education project plan to change the behaviors to prevent lead exposure because when employees gain knowledge about lead poisoning, they will become aware of the action necessary to prevent lead exposure in a sustainable way.

Effects of Sexually Transmitted Diseases Prevention Behavioral Promotion Program with Buddy Line Official Account of Teenage Students, Muang District, Chaiyaphum Province

Supassara Sumritnok — 2024-12-27

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are increasing among teenage students. These infections are caused by unsafe sex, a lack of protection, and frequent changes in sexual partners. This research aims to study the effects of a program promoting STI prevention behaviors, in conjunction with the Buddy LINE Official Account, among teenage students in Mueang District, Chaiyaphum Province. The sample group consisted of 60 teenage students from Mueang District, Chaiyaphum Province, selected using simple random sampling according to inclusion criteria. The researchers created a program for the experimental group, comprising 30 students, that included five activities: media lectures, group activities, games, brainstorming sessions, and the use of the Buddy LINE Official Account. The control group, consisting of 30 students, continued their normal daily lives. The research was conducted over a period of 12 weeks. Data were collected before and after the experiment using questionnaires. Data analysis utilized descriptive statistics, including frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation. The mean scores of the experimental and control groups before and after the experiment were compared using a paired t-test and an independent t-test, with a significance level set at 0.05.

The results showed that after the experiment, the experimental group had a statistically significant higher average score for STI prevention than before the trial. (Mean diff = 8.07, 95%CI: 6.21 - 9.92, p<0.001) and statistically significantly higher than the comparison group (Mean diff = 7.73, 95%CI: 5.49 - 9.89, p<0.001). (Mean diff = 4.10, 95%CI: 3.23 - 4.97, p<0.001) and was statistically significantly higher than the comparison group (Mean diff = 4.23, 95%CI: 3.27 - 5.19, p<0.001). Therefore, this program should be applied to adolescents and continue to monitor long-term STI prevention behaviors that should be monitored in the long term.

Effect of Using Oral Health Care Services Model for Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Bangkruai Hospital, Nonthaburi Province

Dulyarat Thoeprasert — 2024-12-27

This study was a quasi-experimental research. The objective of research were to evaluate oral health care service model for diabetic patients at Bangkruai hospital, Nonthaburi province.70 diabetic patients were recruited into the study and randomized into 2 groups. The experimental and control group were consisted of 35 participate group. The experimental group were received oral health care services model and the trial period 12 weeks. All data was analyzed in mean, percentile, standard deviation, paired t-test, independent t-test and McNemar’s test by significance level p < 0.05. After dental health care service model trial was finish, the results of the study showed that, there was higher level of dental health knowledge, perceived self-efficacy and oral health care behaviors, in study group, higher than before trial in study group and higher than comparison group (p<0.05). There was significantly lower level of plaque index in the study group after completed program and lower than comparison group (p<0.05). In study group, there was significantly lower level of the impact of oral health-related quality of life than before trial (p<0.05).

In conclusion, the program “Oral health care services model” for diabetic patients effectively enhances oral health knowledge, self-efficacy, and oral health behaviors, leading to a reduction in plaque index and improvements in the quality of life related oral health.

Development of a surveillance and care model for stroke disease in working-age at risk of depression, Medical Centre 3 Wat-Bun, Mueang District, Nakhon Ratchasima Province

Patareeya Choomchit — 2024-12-27

Working-age individuals with stroke are at high risk of developing depression. Nevertheless, there is an absence of a definitive framework for previous operations. This action research aims to development and evaluation the surveillance and care model for stroke disease in working-age at risk of depression. This study focusses on two specific groups: The model development group consists of 15 individuals, which includes doctors, nurses, community health volunteers, and researchers. The study group consists of 6 individuals who belong to the working-age population and are at risk of depression. The process has 3 separate stages: The first stage involves the study of fundamental knowledge about the system and process used for monitoring and providing care for the at-risk population, along with an evaluation of their overall quality of life. 2) The model development process adheres to the principles of action research. 3) The implementation of the model involves assessing the risk of depression and the quality of life. Information is gathered through the utilization of the depression and quality of life evaluation form. Data is analyzed using both quantitative and qualitative statistics.

The research findings indicate that: The surveillance and care model for high-risk groups of depression in working-age individuals with stroke consists of four components: 1) a network of partners, including doctors, nurses, health volunteers, and public health professionals; 2) a self-management skill development program; 3) a community-based "8 types of medicine" learning center; and 4) the operational system and mechanisms of the partner network. The results of using the model showed that all 6 participants with depression were able to stop their antidepressant medication, achieving a 100% success rate. Additionally, their overall quality of life scores were rated as good, and they were able to continuously manage their health at home every day. A new community health station was established, driven by a team of local health volunteers, who were part of the model development group. Therefore, the high-risk groups for depression should have concrete prevention activities, such as home visits for emotional support and continuous activities at the community's “8 types of medicine” learning center. The model should also be expanded to 5 neighboring communities.

Factors Associated with Stigma and Discrimination Behaviors in People Living with HIV among Vocational Students in Chiang Rai Province

Patipan Somboon — 2024-12-27

This cross-sectional analytical research aims to studying the factors associated to toward people living with HIV behavior among vocational school students. The study included 563 students from 8 vocational schools in Chiang Rai province participated in the study. Data were collected through a questionnaire comprising 5 sections. Analysis involved descriptive statistics and correlation analysis between demographic factors (such as, gender, age, educational level, ethnicity/race, family status, parental occupation, and income) and factors based on the PRECEDE framework, including predisposing factors consisting of knowledge about stigma, perception of stigma reduction practices, and attitude towards people living with HIV; enabling factors consisting of receiving information about stigma and discrimination reduction practices, skills in interacting with people living with HIV, and parenting styles; and reinforcing factors consisting of receiving support from peers and family members. Statistical analysis was performed using the Chi-Square test. Results indicated that 41.7% of the students were male, 58.3% were female, with an average age of 18.2 years (S.D. = 0.46). Personal characteristics associated with stigma and discrimination towards people living with HIV included gender, age, gender, age, educational level, and ethnicity/race. Predisposing factors encompassed knowledge about stigma, perception of stigma reduction practices, and attitude towards people living with HIV. Enabling factors comprised receiving information about stigma and discrimination reduction practices, skills in interacting with people living with HIV, and parenting styles. Reinforcing factors included receiving support from family members. These findings can inform the development of health education programs, curriculum design, and public health interventions related to HIV/AIDS and sexually transmitted infections in vocational schools.

Prevalence of depression and associated risk factors in students of Nakhonratchasima Rajabhat University

Vijitraphon Thammapaisan — 2024-12-27

Currently, the prevalence of patients with depression around the world is increasing. It is estimated that approximately 280 million people worldwide suffer from depression, or approximately 3.8 percent of the global population. The prevalence of depression among university students worldwide has been gradually increasing in recent years. There has never been a study on the prevalence and factors associated with depression among students in the Faculty of Public Health at Nakhon Ratchasima Rajabhat University. This is a study on the prevalence and risk factors associated with depression among 1^st-4^th year students in the Faculty of Public Health at Nakhon Ratchasima Rajabhat University. Participants included students who registered for regular courses in the academic year 2023, totaling 245 people. The research design was a cross-sectional analytical survey. Data collection used convenience sampling. The research instruments consisted of three questionnaires: personal data questionnaire, risk factors questionnaire, and Thai version of Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D) for adolescent depression screening. Data analysis using multiple logistic regression statistics to find factors related to depression.

The results found that most study participants were female (97.14 percent). The average age of the sample was 19.88 ± 1.26 years. It was found that 26.94 percent were at risk of depression. Factors that were statistically significant associated with depression were the presence of a previous violent event in the past month (AOR = 4.60, 95% CI; 2.38 - 8.86, p < 0.001), insufficient monthly income (AOR = 2.63, 95% CI; 1.37 - 4.98, p = 0.003), and grade point average (p < 0.05). Therefore, university should have screening guidelines for those at risk of depression and provide continuous care.

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Prediabetes among Health checkup at Khonburi District, Nakhon Ratchasima Province

Charkrit Ketkratok — 2024-12-27

Diabetes mellitus is a prevalent chronic disease and a significant public health concern in Thailand, leading to disability and mortality. This research aimed to investigate the prevalence and factors associated with prediabetes to prevent and delay the onset of diabetes in the future. This cross-sectional study collected data from 400 volunteers aged 35 years and above who underwent fasting plasma glucose (FPG) screening in Khon Buri District, Nakhon Ratchasima Province, during the 2023 fiscal year (October 1, 2022 - September 30, 2023). The research instruments comprised: 1) a personal demographic questionnaire, 2) a health behavior questionnaire, 3) a diabetes knowledge questionnaire and stress assessment form, and 4) FPG levels from the Khon Buri Hospital electronic database. Data analysis employed descriptive statistics and inferential statistics using Binary Logistic Regression for relationship analysis.

The research findings revealed that prevalence of prediabetes in the annual health screening in Khon Buri District, Nakhon Ratchasima Province, In the year 2023 was 21.00% (95% CI: 16.99 - 25.01). Factors associated with prediabetes included: body mass index ≥23 kg/m² (aOR = 12.44, 95% CI: 3.78 - 40.91), family history of diabetes (aOR = 1.89, 95% CI: 1.08 - 3.29), and presence of comorbidities (aOR = 1.90, 95% CI: 1.09 - 3.29) such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, and gout. This study found that overweight and obesity, family history of diabetes, and presence of comorbidities such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, and gout were associated with prediabetes. Therefore, health promotion activities should be implemented, including educational programs on diabetes and preventive measures, such as exercise for weight reduction to normal levels. Additionally, annual health screenings should be conducted for high-risk individuals.

Factors Predicting Sweet, Fatty, and Salty Food Consumption Behaviors among Elderly People in Chakkarat District, Nakhon Ratchasima Province

Phanida Punklang — 2024-12-27

This study aimed to assess the levels of knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding the consumption of sweet, fatty, and salty foods, as well as the factors that can predict the consumptions behaviors of sweet, fatty, and salty foods among elderly people in Chakkarat District, Nakhon Ratchasima Province. A cross-sectional descriptive research design was conducted. The sample consisted of elderly individuals residing in the service area of Khok Phra Health Promotion Hospital, Nong Phluang Subdistrict, Chakkarat District, Nakhon Ratchasima Province, with a total of 223 participants. A systematic sampling method was used, based on the proportion of households, from 5 villages. Data were collected from February to March 2024 using a structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Stepwise Multiple Linear Regression Analysis.

The study found that the majority of the sample group had a high level of knowledge on consuming sweet, fatty, and salty foods (76.2%), had a good attitude towards consuming sweet, fatty, and salty foods (87.0%), and had a moderate level of consuming sweet, fatty, and salty foods (67.7%). Considering the eating behavior according to the risk, it was found that the sample group had a high risk in terms of consuming sweet foods (87.0%), a high risk in terms of consuming fatty foods (79.4%), and a high risk in terms of consuming salty foods (78.5%), respectively. The factors that could predict the behavior of consuming sweet, fatty, and salty foods with statistical significance at the 0.05 level were income (β = -.1.27), underlying diseases (β = 0.46), and attitudes towards consuming sweet, fatty, and salty foods (β = 0.15). They could predict the behavior of consuming sweet, fatty, and salty foods of the elderly in Chakkarat District, Nakhon Ratchasima Province by 19.1%. The equation for predicting the behavior of consuming sweet, fatty, and salty foods of the elderly was Y = 26.87 + (-1.27) income + (0.46) underlying diseases + (0.15) Attitudes towards consuming sweet, fatty, and salty foods.

Therefore, there should be a plan and design of activities that help strengthen attitudes towards consuming sweet, fatty, and salty foods, taking into account underlying diseases and income, in order to lead to correct practices, resulting in appropriate changes in food consumption behavior, in order to prevent the occurrence of non-communicable chronic diseases and reduce the occurrence of complications in people with underlying diseases.

Knowledge Attitude and Prevention Behavior on Infection COVID-19 of Village Health Volunteers During Working at Kohchan District, Chonburi Province

Kittima Resjapo — 2024-12-27

This cross-sectional survey study was aimed to determine relationships between general information, knowledge and attitude with the prevention behavior of Infection COVID-19 of village health volunteers (VHV) Kochan District Chonburi. The samples were 239 VHV. The instruments were questionnaires that had the Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficient values of knowledge about COVID-19, attitude about COVID-19, and the prevention behavior of COVID-19 were 0.870 (KR-20), 0.912 and 0.808, respectively. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square test and Pearson's correlation were used for data analysis.

Research result found that the education level related with the prevention behavior of village health volunteers (VHV) at significant at p-value < 0.05 (p-value = 0.010). Work experience had positive correlation in very low level with the prevention behavior of VHV at significant at p-value < 0.05 (r = 0.120, p-value = 0.036). Knowledge about COVID-19 and attitude about COVID-19 had positive correlation in low level with the prevention behavior of VHV at significant at p-value < 0.05 (r = 0.220, p-value = 0.001), (r = 0.257, p-value < 0.001), respectively. This study finding the most of samples had information channel about COVID-19 such as social media, internet therefore suggest relevant agencies developed communication between people in each area, promoted work practices with technology through social media/internet to achieve the fastest and most accurate results in order to have timely awareness of events in emergency situations.

Reliability of Dental Examination Using an Intraoral Camera Compared to Normal Dental Examination in Grade 12 Students at Krasang District, Buriram Province

jeerasak thipsoonthornchai — 2024-12-27

The reliability of intraoral cameras is considered important for the diagnosis and treatment planning of dental personnel in teledentistry. This study is a cross-sectional descriptive study. The objective of this study was to determine the level of reliability, sensitivity and specificity of the intraoral camera when examined by a dentist with and without experience in using the intraoral camera compared to a normal clinical dental examination. In examining the teeth of grade 12 students in Krasang District, Buriram Province. All students were divided into 2 groups and received examination from the dentist by examining their teeth using an intraoral camera. One week after the first examination, all students had clinical examination again by the same dentist using the clinical examination method. The results of both examinations were compared to determine sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (ppv), negative predictive value (npv). Comparison intraoral camera examination with clinical dental examination which considered gold standard.

The results of the study show that the intraoral camera had a sensitivity ranged from 69.0% - 90.1% when examined by an experienced dentist, a specificity ranged from 90.5% - 100% when examined by an experienced dentist, and a sensitivity ranged from 57.1% - 92.5% when examined by inexperience dentist. A specificity ranged from 90.5% - 99.8% when examined by an inexperienced dentist, when compared to a normal clinical dental examination. The sensitivity ranged from 21.2% - 89.9% when planning treatment by an experienced dentist. The specificity ranged from 90.5% - 99.7% when planning treatment by experienced dentists. The sensitivity ranged from 26.5% - 92.1% when planning treatment by inexperienced dentist. The specificity ranged from 89.6% - 99.5% when planning treatment by inexperienced dentist, when compared to normal clinical treatment planning.