Knowledge, attitude, perceived self-efficacy and behavior related to sexual risk behavior among university students in North Thailand

Abstract

Background: The high level of HIV infection in Phayao province has led to an increased interest in understanding the determinants of sexual activity among university students. The present study examined socio-demographic, sexual behavior, knowledge, attitudes, perceived efficacy, sexual risk behavior communication in the family, and prevention behavior towards sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among university students.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried in University of Phayao. A total of 550 students (aged 18-21 years) were recruited in this study by purposive sampling. The researcher collected data by using the self-administered questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics including Chi-square were used.

Results: Only 19.4% reported ever having sex. Sexual risk behavior was associated with various factors including past sexual experience, sexual status, sexual activities experienced, and frequency of condom use when having sex (p<0.001).  Most of them (60.0%) had low level of knowledge, attitude, perceived self-efficacy, sexual risk behavior communication in the family, and prevention behavior towards preventive STDs/HIV.

Conclusion: Improved sexual education and HIV prevention, life skills are needed among university students in Thailand. Prevention programs should address the risks faced by university students using culturally sensitive strategies and materials.