Caregivers’ malaria preventive practice for under-five children and its association in Ngapudaw high-risk Township, Ayeyarwady Region, Myanmar
Keywords:
Caregivers, Malaria preventive practices, Under-five children, MyanmarAbstract
Purpose - This study aimed to describe and find the associations of the characteristics and malaria preventive practices among caregivers of under-five children in Ngapudaw, high-risk Township, Ayeyarwady Region-Myanmar.
Design/methodology/approach - A community based cross-sectional study was conducted among 422 caregivers in April 2018. Data was collected using face-to-face interview with administered questionnaires. Chi-square and fisher exact’s tests for bivariate analysis and multiple logistic regression for multivariate analysis were conducted for data analysis.
Findings - Majority of the respondents had good malaria preventive practices for personal protective measures (70.6%), and treatment seeking practice (80.5%); but they had poor malaria preventive practices for environmental control measures (57.4%). In bivariate analysis, statistically significant associations (p-value<0.05) were found among economic status, number of household members, knowledge, perceived susceptibility, severity, barriers and personal protective measures. There were statistically significant associations among economic status, perceived self-efficacy, benefits, severity and treatment seeking practice (p-value<0.05). Finally, there were statistically significant associations among perceived severity, barriers and environmental control practices
(p-value<0.05). In multivariate models, statistically significant associations (p-value<0.05) were maintained among number of household members, perceived severity and personal protective measures; and among perceived severity, barriers, both environment control practices and treatment seeking practice.
Originality/value - Community based program for instance participatory rural appraisal (PRA) should be implemented in the area of poor environmental control practices in order to influence perceived severity on all malaria prevention practices.
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31. Htay WAY, Keiwkarnka B, Hongkailert N. Diarrhea preventive behavior of Myanmar immigrant caregivers with children under fiveyears in Muang District, Samut Sakhon province, Thailand. Journal of Public Health and Development. 2011; 9(1): 7-18.
32. Linn KN. Knowledge, attitude, practice regarding to malaria and home environment prevention among population in Palaw Township, Tanintharyi Region, Myanmar. Bangkok: College of Public Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University; 2016.
33. Obol J, David Lagoro K, Christopher Garimoi O. Knowledge and misconceptions about malaria among pregnant women in a post-conflict internally displaced persons' camps in Gulu district, Northern Uganda. Malar Res Treat. 2011; 2011: 107987. doi: 10.4061/2011/107987
34. Glanz K, Rimer BK, Viswanath K, editors. Health behavior and health education : theory, research, and practice. 4th ed. San Francisco, CA : Jossey-Bass; 2008.
35. Rumbo H, Wichaikull S, Sanguanprasit B. Factors influencing preventive behaviors of mothers for diarrhea in children aged 1-5 years in Buol district, Indonesia. Sociology Study. 2016 Dec; 6(12): 745-53. doi: 10.17265/2159-5526/2016.12.001
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2. World Health Organization [WHO]. Fact sheet: Children: Reducing mortality. Available from: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs178/en/
3. World Health Organization [WHO]. World malaria report 2017. Geneva: WHO; 2017.
4. Myanmar, Ministry of Health and Sport [MOHS]. National strategic plan intensifying malaria control and accelerating progress towards malaria elimination 2016-2020. MOHS; 2016.
5. World Health Organization [WHO]. World malaria report 2016. Geneva: WHO; 2016.
6. United Nations Children's Fund [UNICEF]. Malaria mortality among children under five is concentrated in sub-Saharan Africa. Available from: https://data.unicef.org/topic/child-health/malaria/
7. Haile S, Abera S, Muhdin S, Kumalo A, Henok A. Knowledge and practice towards prevention and control of malaria in Tepi Town, Sheka Zone, Southwestern Ethiopia. Health Science Journal. 2015; 10(1): 1-6.
8. Oluwasogo AO, Henry OS, Abdulrasheed AA, Olawumi TA, Olabisi EY. Assessment of mother’s knowledge and attitude towards malaria management among under five (5) years children in Okemesi–Ekiti, Ekiti–West Local Government, Ekiti State Estrjkl. Malaria Contr Elimination. 2016; 5(2): 1000142. doi: 10.4172/2470-6965/1000142
9. Myanmar, Ministry of Health and Sport [MOHS]. National strategic plan malaria prevention and control 2010-2016. MOHS; 2009.
10. Wharton-Smith A, Shafique M. Qualitative study to assess consumer preferences and barriers to use of LongLasting Insecticidal nets (LLINs) in Myanmar. Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Center for Communication Programs; 2014.
11. Sarmah Hk, Bora Hazarika B, Choudhury G. An investigation on effect of bias on determination of sample size on the basis of data related to the students of schools of guwahati. International Journal of Applied Mathematics & Statistical Sciences. 2013; 2(1): 33-48.
12. Mitiku I, Assefa A. Caregivers' perception of malaria and treatment-seeking behaviour for under five children in Mandura district, West Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study. Malar J. 2017 Apr; 16(1): 144. doi: 10.1186/s12936-017-1798-8
13. Opare JKL, Antobre-Boateng A, Afari E, Wurapa F, Abankwah J, Kyeiwa-Asante D, et al. Community knowledge and perceptions on malaria and its prevention and control in the Akwapim North Municipality, Ghana. Int J Trop Dis Health. 2014; 4(1): 82-93. doi: 10.9734/IJTDH/2014/6398
14. Tobin-West CI, Kanu EN. Factors influencing the use of malaria prevention methods among women of reproductive age in peri-urban communities of Port harcourt city, Nigeria. Niger Postgrad Med J. 2016 Jan-Mar; 23(1): 6-11. doi: 10.4103/1117-1936.180114
15. Thandar MM, Kyaw MP, Jimba M, Yasuoka J. Caregivers' treatment-seeking behaviour for children under age five in malaria-endemic areas of rural Myanmar: a cross-sectional study. Malar J. 2015 Jan 5; 14(1): 1. doi: 10.1186/1475-2875-14-1
16. Adams MD. Predictors of malaria prevention and case management among children under five in three African countries: Analysis of Demographic Health Surveys (DHS) Malaria indicator surveys. University of Utah; 2015.
17. Myanmar, Ministry of Immigration and Population. The 2014 Myanmar population and housing census. The Union Report Census Report Volume 2. Ministry of Immigration and Population; 2015.
18. Myanmar, Ministry of Labour, Immigration and Population [MOLIP]. Myanmar equtiy tool. MOLIP; 2014.
19. Romay-Barja M, Ncogo P, Nseng G, Santana-Morales MA, Herrador Z, Berzosa P, et al. Caregivers' malaria knowledge, beliefs and attitudes, and related factors in the Bata district, Equatorial Guinea. PLoS One. 2016; 11(12): e0168668. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168668
20. Bisi-Onyemaechi AI, Obionu CN, Chikani UN, Ogbonna IF, Ayuk AC. Determinants of use of insecticide-treated nets among caregivers of under-five children in Enugu, South East Nigeria. 2017 Jul; 10(4): 1037-42. doi: 10.4103/atmph.Atmph_758_16
21. Adebayo AM, Akinyemi OO, Cadmus EO. Knowledge of malaria prevention among pregnant women and female caregivers of under-five children in rural southwest Nigeria. PeerJ. 2015; 3: e792. doi: 10.7717/peerj.792
22. Okafor IP, Odeyemi KA. Use of insecticide-treated mosquito nets for children under five years in an urban area of Lagos State, Nigeria. Niger J Clin Pract. 2012 Apr-Jun; 15(2): 220-3. doi: 10.4103/1119-3077.97325
23. Han KM. Malaria preventive practices among caregivers of children under five years in Ingapu Township, Myanmar. Bangkok: Mahidol University; 2017.
24. Roll Back Malaria Partnership [RBM]. Malaria behavior change communication (BCC) indicator reference guide. RBM; 2014.
25. United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees [UNHCR]. UNHCR Standardised Expanded Nutrition Survey (SENS) guidelines for refugee populations. UNHCR; 2012.
26. Myanmar, Ministry of Health and Sport [MOHS]. WHO Malaria indicator survey: Myanmar. MOHS; 2009.
27. Mwanje LF. Knowledge, attitudes and practices on malaria prevention and control in Uganda: a case study of Nsaabwa village, Mukono district. MakSPH-CDC Fellowship Program; 2013.
28. Bland JM, Altman DG. Statistics notes: Cronbach's alpha. 1997; 314(7080): 572. doi: 10.1136/bmj.314.7080.572
29. Sijtsma K. On the use, the misuse, and the very limited usefulness of Cronbach's Alpha. Psychometrika. 2009; 74(1): 107-20. doi: 10.1007/s11336-008-9101-0
30. Yimer M, Abera B, Mulu W, Bezabih B. Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of High Risk Populations on Louse- Borne Relapsing Fever in Bahir Dar City, North-West Ethiopia. Science Journal of Public Health. 2014; 2(1): 15-22. doi: 10.11648/j.sjph.20140201.13
31. Htay WAY, Keiwkarnka B, Hongkailert N. Diarrhea preventive behavior of Myanmar immigrant caregivers with children under fiveyears in Muang District, Samut Sakhon province, Thailand. Journal of Public Health and Development. 2011; 9(1): 7-18.
32. Linn KN. Knowledge, attitude, practice regarding to malaria and home environment prevention among population in Palaw Township, Tanintharyi Region, Myanmar. Bangkok: College of Public Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University; 2016.
33. Obol J, David Lagoro K, Christopher Garimoi O. Knowledge and misconceptions about malaria among pregnant women in a post-conflict internally displaced persons' camps in Gulu district, Northern Uganda. Malar Res Treat. 2011; 2011: 107987. doi: 10.4061/2011/107987
34. Glanz K, Rimer BK, Viswanath K, editors. Health behavior and health education : theory, research, and practice. 4th ed. San Francisco, CA : Jossey-Bass; 2008.
35. Rumbo H, Wichaikull S, Sanguanprasit B. Factors influencing preventive behaviors of mothers for diarrhea in children aged 1-5 years in Buol district, Indonesia. Sociology Study. 2016 Dec; 6(12): 745-53. doi: 10.17265/2159-5526/2016.12.001
36. Jones CL, Jensen JD, Scherr CL, Brown NR, Christy K, Weaver J. The Health Belief Model as an explanatory framework in communication research: exploring parallel, serial, and moderated mediation. Health Commun. 2015; 30(6): 566-76. doi: 10.1080/10410236.2013.873363
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Published
2018-12-21
How to Cite
Htwe, E. P., Panza, A., & Vargas, J. (2018). Caregivers’ malaria preventive practice for under-five children and its association in Ngapudaw high-risk Township, Ayeyarwady Region, Myanmar. Journal of Health Research, 32(Suppl.1), S130-S141. Retrieved from https://he01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/jhealthres/article/view/164703
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE
