Resistant starch isolated from Luem-Pua glutinous rice decreases adipocyte size of visceral fat and thickness of thoracic aorta in high-fat diet-fed rats
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Abstract
Background : Luem-Pua glutinous rice has been reported to contain a high content of resistant starch (RS). Previous studies showed weight loss, decreased blood glucose and lipid profiles levels, as well as decreased hyperplasia and hypertrophy of adipocytes in RS treatment. However, the study of protective effects of RS isolated from Luem-Pua glutinous rice on obesity is still needed to provide supportive information for potential use as dietary supplements or development of therapeutic agents for the treatment obesity.
Objective : We aimed to investigate the effects of RS isolated from Luem-Pua glutinous rice on body weight and visceral fat weight, blood parameters, histological changes of visceral fat and thoracic aorta in high-fat diet-fed rats.
Methods : Eighteen male rats were divided into three groups (n = 6/group) and daily treated as follows: control, normal diet; HF+DW, a high-fat diet with distilled water; HF+LP, a high-fat diet with RS isolated from Luem-Pua glutinous
rice. We investigated food intake (FI), final body weight (FBW) and length (FBL), serum glucose, serum lipid profiles. In addition, histology of visceral fat and thoracic aorta were investigated by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining at the end of the experiment.
Results : FI and FBW showed significantly negative correlation in the HF group, especially in HF+LP. FBW and visceral fat weight of HF+LP and HF+DW were significantly increased in comparison to control group. FBL and all blood profiles were not significantly different among the three groups. Ratio of adipocyte area to number and thickness of the thoracic aorta were significantly reduced in HF+LP in comparison to control and HF+DW groups
Conclusion : This study addressed specific protective effects of RS isolated from Luem Pua glutinous rice on obesity as follows:
1) reduction of adipocytes size,
2) prevention of pathological changes of thoracic aorta, and
3) decreasing of thoracic aorta thickness in high-fat diet-fed rats.