The Relationship between Knowledge, Attitude and Practice towards Dietary Salt Intake among Thai Nurses
Keywords:
KAP, salt, nurses, Thai, health educationAbstract
T
The relationship between knowledge, attitude and practice towards dietary salt intake has been investigated in a number of studies. Few studies, however, explored the correlation between these three dietary-salted-related factors in nurses although excessive sodium intake is the primary cause of illnesses. The aims of this study are to examine the knowledge, attitude and practice towards dietary salt intake among Thai nurses at Naresuan University Hospital, and to explore the relationship between these three factors. A total of 135 Thai nurses participated in the online survey of this study. The majority of the nurses were female. The survey instrument was a structured questionnaire assessing their knowledge, attitude and practice towards dietary salt intake. Cronbach’s alpha for the internal consistency reliability of each set of multiple Likert items was higher than 0.75. The findings showed that most nurses had appropriate body mass index (BMI), and they had average levels of the knowledge, attitude and practice towards dietary salt intake (M = 7.35, SD = 1.39 out of 12; M = 37.36, SD = 9.80 out of 65; M = 20.02, SD = 7.09 out of 41). All subjects concurred that renal disease and high blood pressure were linked to a diet heavy in salt. Most subjects responded that they ate more salt than the recommended amount. The recommendations are those advised by health professionals. The Pearson’s correlation coefficients showed that the dietary-salt-related knowledge was positively correlated with the attitude (r = 0.21, p-value = 0.01). Nevertheless, the relationships between the knowledge and behavior, and the attitude and behavior were not found to be correlated. These findings suggest the need for pedagogical health education and dietary counseling to enhance the dietary-salt-related knowledge, attitude and practice among Thai nurses.
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