Journal of Public Health and Health Sciences Research

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2024-08-23T09:27:15+07:00

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2024-08-23T09:29:41+07:00

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2024-08-23T09:33:41+07:00

Editorial

2024-08-21T13:09:19+07:00

Effectiveness of pulmonary rehabilitation program among pulmonary tuberculosis patients with negative sputum after intensive of treatment period

2023-05-18T08:16:05+07:00

The purpose of this one-group pretest-posttest experimental study was to compare the scores of the knowledge related to pulmonary tuberculosis and the average scores of pulmonary functions among patients with pulmonary tuberculosis before and after receiving a pulmonary rehabilitation program. A total of 20 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis who tested negative for sputum after the intensive treatment period were selected using purposive sampling at Hua Sai Hospital, Hua Sai District, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province. The data were collected between December 2022 and February 2023. The research instruments consisted of 1) The pulmonary tuberculosis rehabilitation program for 8 weeks, and 2) data collection, including questionnaires on demographic characteristics, knowledge related to tuberculosis, and pulmonary function tests. The questionnaire was reviewed by three experts, and the content validity ranged from 0.67 to 1.00. The coefficient of Kruder-Richarson-20 for knowledge related to pulmonary tuberculosis was 0.70. Pulmonary function was assessed using a Peak flow meter. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and a paired t-test.
The results found that the subjects had significantly increased scores of the knowledge related to pulmonary tuberculosis and pulmonary function after receiving the pulmonary rehabilitation program (p-value < 0.001, p-value = 0.001, respectively). The study suggests that health professionals responsible for tuberculosis care should implement the pulmonary tuberculosis rehabilitation program to enhance and improve pulmonary function among patients with pulmonary tuberculosis who tested negative for sputum after the intensive treatment period.

Development of self - efficacy enhancement program on preventing stroke in the young risk group

2023-05-26T09:45:28+07:00

This research and development study aimed to develop and examine the program of enhancements to self-efficacy on preventing stroke risk in the young. Thirty young adults with stroke risk were selected by purposive sampling, which was conducted from June 2022 to February 2023. Research instruments were questionnaires about knowledge, perception of self-efficacy enhancement, and expectations regarding the results of stroke prevention practices. Data were analyzed by percentage, mean, standard deviation and paired-test.
The findings illustrated that prevention of stroke was important, as public health personnel's opinions. However, they focused on recurrent events in the elder group. The program of enhancements to self-efficacy on preventing stroke risk in the young was developed and applied from Bandura's conceptual framework for enhancing self-efficacy perception, by creating successful experiences, using models and motivation. The comparison of knowledge level (Mean diff. = 4.83, 95% CI: 3.90-5.76), self-efficacy (Mean diff. = 8.33, 95% CI: 5.58-11.09), and the expected outcomes for stroke prevention (Mean diff. = 24.97, 95% CI: 19.31-30.62) showed a significant difference between before and after implementing the program ( p-value < 0.001). In addition, the development of the self-efficacy enhancement program could be utilized for enhancing knowledge and understanding on preventing stroke risk in the young.

The lessons learned from the integrated sub-district economic and social enhancement project: A case study of Kaodin Sub-district, Kao Liao District, Nakhon Sawan Province

2023-08-01T10:34:28+07:00

This qualitative study aimed to explore the lessons learned from the university's collaboration with the community in the sub-district. Data were collected through 3 focus group discussions involving stakeholders, which included: 1) the project manager, 2) employees, and 3) community members who participated in the project, a total of 15 participants. Data were collected during February 2023. The instruments were semi-structured interviews and field notes. Data were analyzed by using the content analysis. The results revealed that the lessons learned from the project can be categorized into six themes: 1) the process of working, 2) the project's outputs, 3) key success factors, 4) challenges and obstacles, 5) recommendations, and 6) the project's impact. The specific findings can be summarized as follows: 1) the process of working encompasses human resources in the community, community involvement, budget allocation, and project
management, 2) the project's outputs included product development and the improvement of local tourist attractions in the community, 3) key success factors were included the capability of project manager, well-designed activities, and the collaboration between the university and the community, 4) challenges and obstacles comprised time constraints, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, high turnover rates of employees, and instability in the data recording system, 5) recommendations indicated that the project needs to clarify the workflow and integrating knowledge, and 6) the project's impact involved generating income opportunities for the unemployed, knowledge acquisition through training programs, and enhanced job skills. These findings can be valuable for improving economic planning and promoting social development in future projects by encouraging the importance of collaboration between universities and sub-district levels.

Factors related to health literacy in hypertension among hypertensive patients

2023-06-07T10:40:13+07:00

The purpose of this descriptive study was to investigate the level of health literacy and factors related to health literacy in hypertension among hypertensive patients. Of this, 100 hypertensive patients were conducted in residing at the Eastern area of Pak Phanang District, Nakhon Si Thammarat. The data were collected using questionnaires including demographic factors and health literacy in hypertension between December 2022 and January 2023. The questionnaires were validated by three experts. The content validity of the questionnaires more than 0.80. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient of health literacy in hypertension was 0.97. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Factors related to health literacy in hypertension were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis with a backward elimination method.
The results found that the patients had a good level of health literacy in hypertension (31.0 percent, Mean ± S.D. = 114.83 ± 21.68). Age and marital status were significantly related to health literacy in hypertension among hypertensive patients after accounting for sex and role in the community. The results suggested that health professionals should focus on health care among hypertensive patients who are older and alone to develop their behavior and health literacy in hypertension.

Problems, impacts and adaptation of members in urban community to COVID-19 outbreak situation

2023-12-13T14:30:20+07:00

This research aims to study the problems, impacts, and adaptations of members in urban community to the COVID-19 outbreak situation. Mixed methods research was used for data collection. The key informants were divided into 2 groups: Group 1 consisted of 118 people, and Group 2 consisted of 21 people. Each group was selected using selection criteria. Research tools included observation, questionnaires, in-depth interview questions, and small group discussions. Data from the questionnaire were analyzed using frequencies, and percentages, while qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis techniques.
The results of the study found that, overall, the groups of key informants encountered problems and were affected in all aspects at different levels. The top 5 problems and impacts that community members faced were: 1) decreased income, 2) increased expenses, 3) living in an environment at risk of disease, 4) lack of savings, and 5) inability to access the healthcare system, representing 93.2%, 84.7%, 75.4%, 74.6%, and 67.8% respectively. Community members have demonstrated moderate to high levels of coping and adaptation to the COVID-19 outbreak situation. The top 5 adaptation guidelines practiced by the key informants were: 1) social distancing, 2) wearing masks, 3) frequent handwashing, 4) avoiding travel to high-risk places, and 5) refraining from social gatherings. Additionally, the first three important factors that enabled community members to cope and manage various problems during the COVID-19 outbreak were: 1) the active participation of community members, 2) a strong group of community leaders, and 3) accessible and up-to-date communication methods.

Self-efficacy, social support, and self-care behavior in delaying the progression of kidney disease among chronic kidney patients

2023-07-24T13:47:27+07:00

This predictive correlational research was to identify predictors of self-efficacy, social support, and self-care behaviors in delaying the progression of kidney disease among chronic kidney patients. A sample of 120 patients with chronic kidney disease, who received health care services at the non-communicable disease clinic of Non-Sung Hospital, Nakhon Ratchasima Province, was recruited using simple sampling. Data were collected using a questionnaire, which obtained 1) demographic characteristics, 2) self-efficacy, 3) social support, and 4) self-care behavior in delaying the progression of kidney disease among chronic kidney patients. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson's product-moment correlation, and multiple regression.
The results showed that 93.3% of the sample had overall self-care behavior scores at moderate levels. Self-efficacy and social support were positively correlated with self-care behaviors in delaying the progression of kidney disease among chronic kidney patients, statistically significant at 0.05 (r = 0.34, r = 0.47, respectively), and social support could predict self-care behaviors by 22.2%. Self-efficacy was unable to predict self-care behaviors in delaying the progression of kidney disease among chronic kidney patients. Therefore, the result suggests that healthcare providers and families should provide support for all aspects of information, emotional, appraisal, and instrumental for patients to be able to make appropriate self-care behavioral changes, which can delay the progression of chronic kidney disease.

Risk factors associated with tuberculosis among patients with chronic kidney diseases: A hospital-based nested case-control study Bangkok Metropolitan, Thailand

2023-07-03T14:43:24+07:00

The study aimed to study tuberculosis-related factors among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The matched nested case-control study was conducted in the cohort of chronic kidney disease patients from eight hospitals under the jurisdiction of the Medical Service Department, Bangkok. The CKD comprised CKD patients aged 18 and above, and free from tuberculosis. From the pool of CKD patients, 171 cases who developed tuberculosis after registration were selected. Controls were chosen from a risk-set of CKD patients who remained tuberculosis-free, registered in the same year, and visited the same hospital when a case was diagnosed. The 171 controls were matched one-to-one by sex and age. Descriptive statistics, namely frequency, percentage, and chi-square, were calculated. Conditional logistic regression was used to identify associated factors, and the results were presented in terms of adjusted odds ratio (OR_adj) and a 95% confidence interval (95% CI).
The study found that related factors for developing tuberculosis were CKD patients at stages 3-5 of severity (OR_adj = 8.40, 95% CI = 3.32-21.23) and the duration of CKD until tuberculosis diagnosis of 2-24 months (OR_adj = 7.99, 95% CI = 3.85-16.61), kidney dialysis (OR_adj = 5.08, 95% CI = 1.42-18.21). Patients with CKD should undergo regular screening for tuberculosis, especially those undergoing dialysis and patients who were registered not longer than 1 year and 6 months, to prevent the spread of tuberculosis in the kidney disease clinic.

Factors influencing employment and quality of life in individuals with spinal cord injury

2023-06-02T08:56:27+07:00

This mixed-methods research aimed at studying employment rates and factors affecting employment among individuals with spinal cord injuries, as well as comparing the quality of life between employed and
unemployed individuals with spinal cord injuries. The study was conducted on 71 individuals who received services at the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University from January 2021 to March 2022. Data were collected using personal questionnaires, work status information, the Spinal Cord Independence Measure Version III (SCIM III), and the Quality of Life Basic Data Set (QoL-BDS) questionnaire. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, including the Chi-square test, Mann-Whitney U test, Fisher's exact test, as well as inferential statistics such as logistic regression analysis.
The result found that the majority of participants were male (73.2%), with an average age of 41.70 ± 10.76 years. Of these, 67.6% were employed, with the majority working asmerchant and business owners (33.3%), followed by government employees (25.0%). The study identified that factors influencing employment included the ability to drive, which increased the chance of employment by 8.17 times (p-value = 0.002; 95% CI = 2.19-30.42), and receiving financial support, which reduced the chance of employment by 0.19 times (p-value = 0.007; 95% CI = 0.06-0.63). Furthermore, the study found a statistically significant difference in quality of life between employed and unemployed individuals, with the median scores of the employed group being higher than the unemployed group, indicating that the employed group had a higher level of life satisfaction.

Factors affecting intention to prevent early pregnancy among female high school students and vocational certificate students in Khanuworalaksaburi District, Kamphaeng Phet Province

2023-05-04T14:32:40+07:00

This cross-sectional research aimed to study the intention and factors affecting the intention to early pregnancy prevention among female high school students and vocational certificate students in Khanuworalaksaburi
District, Kamphaeng Phet Province. A sample of 601 students was randomly selected by stratified and systematic sampling. A questionnaire created by the researcher was used for collecting data. The data was analyzed by descriptive statistics and stepwise multiple regression analysis at the statistical significance level of 0.05.
The results revealed that the samples had a mean score of the intention of premature pregnancy prevention at a high level (Mean = 28.21, S.D. = 5.55). Factors affecting the intention of early pregnancy prevention were drinking alcohol, the subjective norm of early pregnancy prevention, mental problems, grade point average, and perceived self-efficacy of early pregnancy. All of these factors together could predict the intention of premature pregnancy prevention among female high school students and vocational certificate students at 34.6%. Therefore, educational institutions should use this finding for instructional design which emphasizes a correct understanding of early pregnancy prevention within the school to be amenable to the subjective norm. In addition, design activities that enhance self-efficacy skills, and engage students in preventing their drinking behavior to prevent premature pregnancy. Public health agencies or relevant agencies in all sectors should be encouraged to have a mental clinic to provide counseling for female students to solve mental problems and prevent premature pregnancy.

The result of using application Line together with applying planned behavior theory to reinforce smoking protective behavior of grade 1 junior high school students in one school

2024-02-06T14:09:50+07:00

This quasi-experimental study aims to compare the mean scores of attitudes towards non-smoking behaviour, the influence of reference groups on non-smoking behaviour, perceived self-efficacy in controlling smoking behaviour, intention to not smoke, and smoking prevention behaviour, before the experiment, immediately after the experiment, and 6 weeks after the experiment. Comparisons were made both within the experimental group and between the experimental and control groups. The sample group comprised first-year high school students who were purposively selected and divided into control and experimental groups, each consisting of 59 individuals. The experimental group received the program from November 2022 to January 2023. The control group received regular teaching. Statistical analyses used included mean, percentage, standard deviation, independent t-test, and repeated measures ANOVA.
The study found that the experimental group had significantly higher mean scores for the influence of reference groups, intention, and smoking prevention behaviour immediately after the experiment and 6 weeks
later compared to the control group. There was no significant difference in the mean scores for attitudes towards non-smoking behaviour and perceived self-efficacy in controlling smoking behaviour immediately after and 6 weeks after. Regarding the mean scores 6 weeks after the experiment for perceived self-efficacy in controlling behaviour, intention, and prevention behaviour were significantly higher than the pre-experiment scores. However, the attitudes towards behaviour and the influence of reference groups showed no significant differences. Therefore, it is recommended that interested individuals can apply the program with at-risk groups or similar groups to prevent smoking behaviour in the future.

Effectiveness of health promotion program based on the health belief model for promoting knowledge and perception about office syndrome of Siam Technology College personnel

2023-05-10T16:44:27+07:00

This study aimed to study the effects of a health promotion program based on the health belief model for promoting knowledge and perception about office syndrome of Siam technology college personnel. The sample were 115 people of Siam Technology College. The research instruments consisted of 1) the health promotion program based on the health belief model for promoting knowledge and perception about office syndrome and 2) knowledge and perception about office syndrome questionnaire. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics such as means, frequency, standard deviation, and inference statistics, including t-test at the statistical significance level of 0.05.
The results were as follows; 1) The health promotion program based on the health belief model was effectively to increase knowledge and perception about office syndromeof Siam Technology College personnel. 2) The mean score of knowledge about office syndrome after receiving the health promotion program was significantly higher than before at 0.05 level. 3) The mean score of perceived susceptibility of office syndrome, perceived severity of office syndrome, perceived benefits of office syndrome and perceived barriers of office syndrome after receiving the health promotion program was significantly higher than before at 0.05 level. Therefore, it is essential to organize activities to promote knowledge and perception about office syndrome for person in the organization to increase the level of knowledge and perception, regarding in protect and health care behavior of office syndrome.

A new normal model for hypertensive patients during the COVID-19 outbreak through a community participation process

2023-03-10T05:32:15+07:00

This participatory action research aimed to develop a new normal model for hypertensive patients during the COVID-19 outbreak through a community participation process. The study subjects were 30 hypertensive patients, 3 health personnel working at sub-district health promoting-hospital, and 5 village health volunteers using a 4-steps community participation process: 1) plan 2) act 3) observe and 4) reflect on the results. The study comprised four phases: firstly, understanding the current situation and analyzing associated problems; secondly, devising a comprehensive model; thirdly, implementing and monitoring the new model; and finally, evaluating the outcomes and disseminating the findings to the community. The program spanned six months. This program was implemented for 6 months. Data were collected with a personal information questionnaire, health status assessment form, self-care behavior, and health behavior questionnaires, using the concept of 3S 3E 1N Data was analyzed by descriptive statistics and repeated measure MANOVA.
The results found that the new model of 3S (Suatmon: praying, Samadhi: meditation, Studying Dharma: reading) 3E (Eating, Exercise: Maniwet, Emotional management) and 1N (Normal life clock). Monitoring was utilized in the first 3 months to enhance participants' healthy behavior by using the 3S 3E 1N There was encouragement and follow-up during the first 3 months, encouraging the sample to have health behaviors according to the principles of 3S 3E 1N The average scores of behaviorsregarding 3S 3E 1N was significantly different at the 0.05 level. However, the average scores of general behaviors among patients with hypertension did not differ significantly between the period before the program initiation and six months after its completion. The study indicated the importance of regular supervision and follow-up, preferably at least once a month, to promote consistent behavior.

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2024-08-21T13:02:00+07:00