Risk factors associated with tuberculosis among patients with chronic kidney diseases: A hospital-based nested case-control study Bangkok Metropolitan, Thailand
Keywords:
Dialysis, Chronic kidney disease, TuberculosisAbstract
The study aimed to study tuberculosis-related factors among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The matched nested case-control study was conducted in the cohort of chronic kidney disease patients from eight hospitals under the jurisdiction of the Medical Service Department, Bangkok. The CKD comprised CKD patients aged 18 and above, and free from tuberculosis. From the pool of CKD patients, 171 cases who developed tuberculosis after registration were selected. Controls were chosen from a risk-set of CKD patients who remained tuberculosis-free, registered in the same year, and visited the same hospital when a case was diagnosed. The 171 controls were matched one-to-one by sex and age. Descriptive statistics, namely frequency, percentage, and chi-square, were calculated. Conditional logistic regression was used to identify associated factors, and the results were presented in terms of adjusted odds ratio (ORadj) and a 95% confidence interval (95% CI).
The study found that related factors for developing tuberculosis were CKD patients at stages 3-5 of severity (ORadj = 8.40, 95% CI = 3.32-21.23) and the duration of CKD until tuberculosis diagnosis of 2-24 months (ORadj = 7.99, 95% CI = 3.85-16.61), kidney dialysis (ORadj = 5.08, 95% CI = 1.42-18.21). Patients with CKD should undergo regular screening for tuberculosis, especially those undergoing dialysis and patients who were registered not longer than 1 year and 6 months, to prevent the spread of tuberculosis in the kidney disease clinic.
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