TY - JOUR AU - จุลเกตุ, สุดาวรรณ AU - วิเศษสาธร, มานิกา AU - พัชโรรส, นนทิมา PY - 2019/06/28 Y2 - 2024/03/29 TI - The Comparative Study of Executive Function between Children with ADHD and Healthy Children JF - Journal of the Psychiatric Association of Thailand JA - J Psychiatr Assoc Thailand VL - 64 IS - 2 SE - Original Articles DO - UR - https://he01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/JPAT/article/view/198857 SP - 187-196 AB - <p>Objectives : To study and compare the executive function between children with attention-deficit/<br>hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and healthy children<br>Methods : The sample group is 20 children who were newly diagnosed as ADHD according to<br>DSM-5 diagnostic criteria by child and adolescent psychiatrists at psychiatric outpatient unit<br>Ramathibodi Hospital and 20 healthy children with sex, age and education level close to children<br>with ADHD. Executive functions were assessed by Delis-Kaplan executive function system<br>(D-KEFS) nonverbal which is composed of Trail making test, Tower test and Design fluency test.<br>Descriptive statistic were used to calculate frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation.<br>Dependent t-test and Wilcoxon signed ranks test statistics were used to compare executive function<br>between children with ADHD and healthy children.<br>Results : Children with ADHD have lower executive function than healthy children in the following<br>areas: 1) Self-inhibition average score which was tested by Tower test from the Rule-Violation-<br>Per-Item Ratio (ADHD = 4.40 normal children = 10.60, p &lt;.001) and Total Rule Violations<br>(ADHD = 17.75 normal children = 80.30, p &lt;.001) 2) Cognitive Flexibility average score which<br>was tested by Design fluency test from the total set-loss designs element: score (ADHD = 8.05<br>Normal children = 11.35, p = .006), total repeated designs: scaled score (ADHD = 11.25 normal<br>children = 12.60, p = .006) and percent design accuracy score (ADHD = 5.60 normal children =<br>10.80, p &lt;.001) and 3) Planning which was tested by tower test from the total achievement score<br>(ADHD = 8.90 normal children = 11.20, p = .008). While there is no difference in statistical<br>significant in both groups from the Trail making test.<br>Conclusion : Children with ADHD have lower executive function than healthy children in<br>self-inhibition, cognitive flexibility and planning by Tower test and Design fluency test. These tools<br>can differentiate ADHD children from normal children. So they are useful to use as assessment<br>tools to develop executive function rehabilitation programs for children with ADHD which will help<br>and prevent these children together with clinical care and reduce the impact in the long term.</p> ER -