Journal of Disease and Health Risk DPC.3

The Development of Mobile Application for Dengue Case Investigation and Control with 3-3-1 Measure

Sawanya Chantutanon — 2024-03-05

This research and development aimed to create a mobile application for monitoring and controlling the dengue outbreak following the 3-3-1 measure and study the effectiveness of the operation and user satisfaction with the application through four steps; step 1: the study of situation and problems analysis were conducted by documenting reviewing, step 2: the application was developed the conclusion from Step 1 and including suggestion from five experts. A suitable format was outlined based on the requirements of the target group, step 3: Application tried out 2 times; first time tried out in 30 dengue cases and result from focus group discussion with 9 public health officers who used the application were used to improve the system. The second time, the revised version was tested with 138 patients in the Songkhla province. step 4, the research evaluation and satisfaction acquired from October 2022 to November 2023. The results was as follows: 1) Control of the dengue according to the 3-3-1 measure in health area 12 was timely, with a rate of 67.19%. The real-time reporting of disease control from local to higher-level units was not accomplished. 2) The Dengue Alert application was created and available on Android (Google Inc., United States of America, version android 13) and iOS (Apple Inc., United States of America, version iOS 17), included features such as login, main page display, patient data admission, response of patient information, preliminary investigation data admission, and disease control within a 100-meter radius of the patient's house. The application enables real-time reporting of patient investigation. 3) Dengue control according to the 3-3-1 measure achieved an overall timeliness rate of 90.10%. User satisfaction with the application was very high in all features (Mean = 4.20 ± 1.06 SD). In conclusion, the Dengue Alert application was proved to be a valuable tool for accessible, efficient disease control and monitoring control measure.

Agreement between Results of Shear Wave Elastography of the Liver and Serological Findings for Direct Acting Antivirals in Chronic Hepatic C Infection Treatment Guideline

Rujiluck Rojthamromg — 2024-03-05

การติดเชื้อไวรัสตับอักเสบซีทำให้เกิดภาวะพังผืดตับซึ่งส่งผลต่อการพยากรณ์โรค การพิจารณารักษาขึ้นอยู่กับความรุนแรงของภาวะพังผืดตับ การตรวจผลทางชิ้นเนื้อมีข้อจำกัดจึงมีการพัฒนาการตรวจวิธีอื่นขึ้นมาได้แก่ การใช้ค่าจากผลตรวจเลือดและการใช้อัลตร้าซาวด์ การใช้ค่าจากผลตรวจเลือดที่มีการศึกษายอมรับอย่างกว้างขวางและเป็นที่นิยมใช้ในปัจจุบัน ได้แก่ Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) to platelet index (APRI) และ Fibrosis index based on the four factors (Fibrosis-4 index; FIB-4) ส่วนการใช้อัลตร้าซาวด์ตรวจจะใช้หลักการของการวัดความยืดหยุ่นของเนื้อตับเพื่อประเมินภาวะพังผืดตับซึ่งมีหลายเทคนิค จากผลการศึกษาที่ผ่านมาพบว่า2D-SWE มีความแม่นยำสูงในการประเมินพังผืดตับ เนื่องด้วยราชกิจจานุเบกษา ประกาศเมื่อวันที่ 5 สิงหาคม พ.ศ.2565 มีแนวทางข้อบ่งชี้ในการใช้ยารักษาโรคไวรัสตับอักเสบซีเรื้อรังมีแนวทางที่อ้างอิงการประกาศดังกล่าวระบุการตรวจภาวะพังผืดตับด้วยวิธีใดวิธีหนึ่งดังต่อไปนี้ อาทิเช่น shear wave elastography(2D-SWE) >4.9 kPa หรือ Fibrosis-4 score >1.45 หรือ APRI >0.5 ผู้วิจัยจึงสนใจศึกษาเปรียบเทียบว่าการตรวจทั้ง 3 อย่างนี้ มีความแม่นยำแตกต่างกันอย่างไรเมื่อใช้เกณฑ์ตามแนวทางข้อบ่งชี้ในการใช้ยารักษาโรคไวรัสตับอักเสบซีเรื้อรัง และมีปัจจัยที่บ่งชี้การตรวจที่เหมาะสมในผู้ป่วยที่มีลักษณะปัจจัยต่างๆกันหรือไม่อย่างไร โดยเป็นการวิจัยแบบไปข้างหน้าในประชากรผู้ป่วยโรคไวรัสตับอักเสบซีใหม่ในโรงพยาบาลพระนั่งเกล้าที่ส่งมาตรวจความยืดหยุ่นของตับโดย 2D-SWE ในช่วงธันวาคม 2565 ถึง พฤษภาคม 2566 ที่กลุ่มงานรังสีวิทยา โรงพยาบาลพระนั่งเกล้า เก็บข้อมูลค่า 2D-SWE ของตับ เก็บค่าความยืดหยุ่นของตับ ผลเลือดมาคำนวณหาค่า APRI และ FIB-4 การวิเคราะห์ข้อมูล หาค่าความสอดคล้องของการตรวจทั้ง 3 อย่างโดยกำหนดนัยสำคัญทางสถิติที่ 0.05 พบว่า ค่าความสอดคล้อง(agreement) ระหว่างการตรวจ2D-SWEกับค่าAPRI และการตรวจ2D-SWEกับค่าFIB-4 เป็น 57.14% และ 75.51% ตามลำดับ ปัจจัยที่สัมพันธ์กับการเกิดผลลบลวงของทั้งในค่าAPRI และ ค่าFIB-4 คือ ลักษณะตับแข็งจากอัลตร้าซาวด์และขนาดม้าม ในส่วนค่า FIB-4 ปัจจัยที่สัมพันธ์กับการเกิดผลลบลวงได้แก่ เพศหญิงและค่าค่าดัชนีมวลกาย(BMI)

Comparative Effectiveness of Dual Therapy with Aspirin and Clopidogrel versus Aspirin Monotherapy for the Treatment of Ischemic Stroke at Takfa Hospital, Nakhon Sawan Province

wasin netsuwan — 2024-03-05

The purpose of this research was to study the effectiveness of treating ischemic stroke with aspirin combined with clopidogrel, comparing the effectiveness with using aspirin alone. This is a retrospective study, that analyzes causes to outcomes. Studied the incidence rate of stroke, Death due to stroke, Deaths from cerebrovascular causes including cardiovascular disease, and the occurrence of bleeding that requires hospital treatment through fluid administration or blood transfusion within 1 year after receiving treatment in stroke patients treated at Takfa Hospital during the period from 1 January 2018 to 1 January 2022. This research study used a case record form that the researcher created for use in data collection and research studies and passed the test. The accuracy of the content questionnaire (Content Validity) by experts. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics, analyzing multiple variables with multiple log-binomial regression analyses or multiple Poisson regression analyses, reported with Risk Ratio (RR) values as appropriate to the data. The results showed that treatment of ischemic stroke with aspirin plus clopidogrel. There was no statistical difference between treatment with aspirin alone.

Influences Affecting the Practice of Respiratory Communicable Disease Control Strategies of Community Leaders in Pang Ta Wai Subdistrict, Kamphaeng Phet Province

Phrut Piphitpakdee — 2024-03-05

The cross-sectional descriptive research aimed to explore personal factors, knowledge, and attitudes in implementing respiratory disease control strategies, and to investigate factors relating to and influencing this implementation among community leaders in Pang Ta Wai subdistrict, Kamphaeng Phet province. A total of 132 persons were selected by systematic random sampling. Data were collected between 23 August 2022 and 30 September 2022 by using a questionnaire and then analyzed to determine frequencies, percentages, means, standard deviations, and regression analyses. The results showed that most of them were married, a mean age was 51.40 years, completed primary schooling, and had 12.27 years of work experience. After implementation, the participants had moderate levels of knowledge, attitudes, and skillful practices. The factors significantly related to the implementation were years of work as community leaders, knowledge, and attitudes. The factors significantly influencing the implementation were the knowledge and attitudes of community leaders. Both factors could predict 15.7% (R²=0.157) of the variations. Thus, the capacity of community leaders should be enhanced to improve their knowledge and attitudes for the effective implementation of respiratory disease control strategies.

Comparison between Air Quality and the Health Symptoms among Computer Office Workers of Bansomdejchaopraya Rajabhat University, Bangkok

Chan Pattama Polyong — 2024-03-05

This cross-sectional study was to compare indoor air quality (IAQ) and the health symptoms among computer office workers at the Bansomdejchaopraya Rajabhat University in Bangkok. Seventy-two workers were included in this study. A multi-stage random sampling method was used to divide the proportion of each faculty. Data were collected data using the questionnaire which consisted of the feel of the IAQ in the office and the health symptoms in the past month. Carbon dioxide (CO2), temperature (T), relative humidity (RH), air movement (AM), and total volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were measured using a multi- RAE plus and velocicalc air velocity meter. The Descriptive statistics and Mann-Whitney U test were used to analyze data. The results of the study revealed that the majority of workers (77.8%) sat and worked in the office, with most of them having a working period of fewer than 10 years. In the past month, the most common health issue among workers was back pain, affecting 54.2% of them. This was followed by eye irritation (47.2%), sneezing (52.8%), and headaches (51.4%). In terms of comparisons, it was found that workers experiencing eye irritation, nasal congestion, and headaches worked in areas with statistically significantly higher carbon dioxide concentrations compared to those without health symptoms (p = 0.002, 0.024, and 0.041, respectively). Additionally, workers with burning eyes worked in areas with statistically significantly higher wind speeds than those without symptoms (p = 0.024). In summary, the levels of carbon dioxide emissions and wind speed have an impact on the health effects of office computer users. Therefore, it is recommended to inspect the operation of air ventilation or consider additional installations, maintain the wind speed at a comfortable and acceptable range of 0.10-0.30 meters per second, and arrange workstations so that the direction of airflow does not directly affect the eyes of the workers.

Effect of Leadership Competency Model in Aging to Promote Well-Being and Self-reliance of the Elderly

Kitisak Rujiganjanarat — 2024-03-05

The cross-sectional survey research aimed to study and validate a relationship model of the effect of the leadership competency model in aging to promote the well-being and self-reliance of the elderly in Phetchaburi province. The group random sampling was 369 people. The data were collected by using a set of questionnaires including general information, leadership competencies for the elderly, well-being, and self-reliance. Data analysis was done by computing statistics including percentage, mean, standard deviation, and structural equation model analysis. The results revealed that 61.0 percent of the sample were female. The age of the sample was 69. 81.0 percent of them have undergraduate. 50.7 percent were married, and 55.0 percent worked as farmers. The goodness of fit measures of the full model was found to be: Chi-Square=85.710; df=67; ϰ²/df=1.279; p=.061; RMR=.007; SRMR=.018; GFI=.970; NFI=.985; NNFI=.995. It was found that the model was consistent with the empirical data. Therefore, the leadership competency model in aging was 1) teamwork, 2) communication, 3) achievement orientation job responsibilities and morality, 4) creativity, 5) service mind, 6) management ability, 7) Leadership problem-solving and decision-making, 8) health and safety promotion, and 9) emotional control and personality will make the elderly to have better well-being and self-reliance.

The Model for Promoting Safety Behaviors of Pesticide Use among Farmers in an Area at Risk of Cancer in Nakhon Sawan Province

Teera Kangkhetkron — 2024-03-05

The objective of this quasi-experimental research is to study the model for promoting safety behavior from pesticide use among farmers in areas at risk of cancer and to study the effectiveness of the pattern. The study was conducted in an experimental group of 50 people and a control group of 50 people. From the study of the pattern of promoting safety behavior from pesticide use among farmers according to the ADDIE process (Analysis-Design-Development-Implement-Evaluation), the experimental group organized a brainstorming session to analyze the behavior and situation of using pesticides, set goals, and strategies and created the application Nakhon Sawan, safe from toxicity, far from cancer as a source of information and exchange of health literacy to promote knowledge and safe behavior from the use of chemical pesticides among farmers. The results of the effectiveness study of the model by comparison results of knowledge and safe behavior from the use of pesticides between the experimental group and the control group with independent t-test or Mann Whitey U test, it was found that before the experiment knowledge, and safe behavior from the use of pesticides among farmers in all aspects of the two groups were not different. After participating in promoting safe behavior from the use of pesticides among farmers program in areas at risk of cancer, the experimental group had an average of knowledge and safe behavior from the use of chemical pesticides higher than the control groups with statistical significance (p-value < 0.05). Therefore, the model for promoting safe behavior from the use of pesticides by farmers in areas at risk for cancer should be promoted to other groups of farmers to increase the level of knowledge and safe behavior of pesticide use among farmers. To conduct self-protective behavior from the use of pesticides and reduce health and cancer risks from exposure to pesticides.

Comparison of protein extraction methods for Mycobacterium tuberculosis detection by MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry

Suparerk Komolsiri — 2024-03-12

Tuberculosis is a respiratory disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which is a public health problem. Currently, the MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry (MS) method has been used to detect bacteria and fungi, including M. tuberculosis. This method has high sensitivity and high specificity but there is low diagnostic cost per case when compared to other methods. However, the mycobacterial cell wall is composed of lipids that make it difficult to extract proteins from the cytoplasm. Therefore, a new protein extraction method for M. tuberculosis is developed. The ultrasound (SM) was used to increase cell wall rupture and reduce protein extraction time compared to routine methods (RM). Five samples of M. tuberculosis strain H37Ra ATCC 25177 and 32 samples of M. tuberculosis isolated from patients confirmed by real-time PCR were cultured on LJ medium for 3-4 weeks. Extraction of protein by an RM compared to using an SM. This study found that 37 protein extraction by the RM and the SM have the log score ≥ 2.000 were 72.97% and 75.67%, respectively and the log score 1.700-1.999 were 27.03% and 24.33%, respectively. The two methods are in almost perfect agreement by Kappa indexes = 1. Therefore, protein extraction of M. tuberculosis by SM can replace RM. When compared with RM, the protein extraction of M. tuberculosis by SM could reduce the sample preparation time by at least 38 minutes per sample.

Factors and trend of cancer incidence in Thapkhlo district Phichit province.

Kittikul Pitawachiragul — 2024-03-05

This retrospective descriptive study aimed to present the cancer incidence of the population in Thapkhlo district, Phichit province by using of 599 cancer patients database from Thapkhlo Hospital, Thapkhlo district, Phichit province during the years 2013-2022. The Cancer Incidence was analyzed by Annual Percent Change (APC) for the year 2013-2022 then forecast cancer incidence in 2023-2027. The study revealed an increase in overall cancer incidence in males and females. Considering the spatial analysis by sub-district; in males, the highest trend of liver and bile duct cancer incidence from Khoasai and Thapkhlo sub-districts were 37.3 and 31.9 per 100,000 person-year respectively. In Thaithung sub-districts, the highest trend of cancer incidence was bronchoalveolar lung carcinoma (31.3 per 100,000 person-year). In the Khaochetluk sub-district, the highest trend of cancer incidence was colorectal cancer (24.6 per 100,000 person-year). In females, the highest trend of cancer incidence in all sub-districts was breast cancer. Khoasai, Thapkhlo, Thaithung, and Khaochetluk sub-district were 67.5, 61.3, 52.5 and 29.5 per 100,000 person-year respectively. In addition, hepatobiliary carcinoma showed elevated liver function tests of 58.1 percent of aspartate transaminase and 81.1 percent of alkaline phosphatase. This study result will be applied in active cancer screening for further early diagnosis and secondary prevention in Thapkhlo district, Phichit province.